Natural+and+processed+materials+7

** Natural & Processed Materials ** ** The students will be able to: ** Define the term “Matter”. Define the three states of matter and some of their properties. Distinguish similarities and differences of matter. Recognize that different states of matter may appear in one substance. Demonstrate that air is matter and even though gases cannot always be seen, they do indeed take up space. Define “Atom”, review parts of the Atom (protons, neutrons, and electrons) and the nucleus. Learn how the atomic number provides information about the number of neutrons, protons, and electrons an atom has. Identify element symbol, atomic number, element properties, etc. Construct Atom Models and research scientists who discovered them.
 * Science Program for North Block year 7s ~ Semester 2, 2010 **

What is an Atom? Basic structure of an Atom || Introduce students to concept of Matter and Atoms. Use worksheet and powerpoint to assist to explain concept. Have students investigate the world of Atoms by cutting a strip of paper into bits. Students will need ** paper streamer ** 28cm long (located in Maths Kits) Worksheet:The Atoms Family Album Worksheet: What is matter? Powerpoint: T:/Get work/Science/Atoms Handout: Paper cutting || Have students investigate Atoms by making Atoms. Provide students with a range of lollies eg. mini marshmellows, gum drops of different colours (jubes), OR plasticine and matchsticks (Maths kit) Have students follow instructions on attached worksheet to create their own ‘atom’ and complete the worksheet. Discuss the Periodic table and elements. See Teaching Notes & Worksheet #37 in Understanding Science. Have students research and record a range of elements and compounds. Worksheet: Elements & Compounds #37 Worksheet: Gumdrops Atom Activity Research Elements || Students are provided with an element to research. Students ‘adopt’ an element and create a ‘baby book’ to remember the stage of their elements life. Handout: Element Baby Book || Research continues on element baby book || What is matter? || Presentations of Elements to whole class. || ** What’s the matter? ** Have students define in their own words “what is matter?”. Place a small amount of shaving cream onto a paper towel. Have students describe the properties of the shaving cream. Is it solid? Liquid? Gas? Why? Students write down their responses. Gently place another squirt of shaving foam onto paper towel and gently place a coin on top of it. Have students record what happens and why? Give students a small squirt of shaving cream each and have them rub it between their thumb and finger. How does it feel? Students write down observations. Let the shaving cream set overnight. Did it change? Examine the shaving foam with a magnifying glass. What does it look like? Does the shave cream have properties of a solid or a liquid? Matter is in what state? Students will define the 3 states of matter. Gas, liquid or solid.
 * || ** Session 1- Theory **  ||  ** Session 2 – Science Lab **  ||
 * Week 1
 * Materials: range of lollies/matchsticks OR plasticine/matchsticks ** ||
 * Week 2
 * Week 3
 * Materials: Can of shaving cream ** ||
 * Week 4

Worksheet: Matter Mosaics || Have students fill a plastic cup halfway with water. Mark the top of the water line with tape. Very carefully add 6 marbles to the water by tilting the cup and letting one marble at a time slide down the inside of the cup to the bottom. Set the cup upright and notice the water level. What happened to the water level and why? Students record experiment and results into journal. (Answer should contain, the water level is higher because 2 pieces of matter cannot occupy the same space at the same time. The water level is higher because the marbles pushed the water out of the way. The rise of the water level is equal to the volume of the marbles). Demonstrate that although gases cannot be seen they do take up space. Fill a large container 1/2 fill of water. Make a piece of paper towel into a ball and push it into the bottom of a plastic cup. Turn the cup upside down making sure the paper remains in the bottom of the cup. Hold the cup upside down with its opening pointing down. Push the cup straight down into the large container of water. Do NOT tilt the cup as you lift it out of the water. Feel the paper and examine it. What happened? Why? (The cup is filled with paper and air, The air prevents the water from entering the cup, so the paper stays dry. Remember that 2 pieces of matter cannot occupy the same space at the same time)
 * Mini Assessment Task ** || Define matter as anything that takes up space and has mass. Mass is the amount of matter that something has. All matter is made up of tiny particles (Atoms). Discuss the 3 states of matter; solid, liquid or gas. Place as many marbles as will fit into a lid. Explain that this is the atoms in a solid. Take out a few marbles so there is space to move, explain this is what atoms look like in a liquid. Now remove a few more marbles and place into identical lid (with cuts out of the side) and move the lid around (allow marbles to escape through the cuts) explain this is the atoms found in a gas. All matter has atoms although the amount of atoms and the space between them varies. Show students 3 jars containing an example of a form of matter (solid: blocks, liquid:water, gas:air). Ask the students how they know whether something is a solid, liquid or gas. Have students write their response in their journal. Ask how they know there is air in the jar that appears empty. Students to write response down. Demonstrate that air is matter and takes up space. Take an empty plastic bag and move through the air. Close the top of the bag by twisting the opening and holding it with your hand. Squeeze the bag with your other hand. Ask the students to explain what happened. What is in the bag?
 * Mini Assessment Task ** Have students complete worksheet Matter Mosaics using whole punch paper circles.
 * Materials: 3 jars – 1 empty, 1 filled water, 1 filled with blocks. **
 * Marbles 3 identical lids, 1 with cuts around edge. **

Learning Objects Consolidation Using the computer lab students complete learning objects What the world is made of LO: L3070 (combination of 6 objects) Types of matter: solids, liquids, gases LO:L5821 Worksheet: Solid, liquid or gas? Pg.28 Develop Science 1 || ** Solid Matter ** Discuss what solid matter is. Have students complete pg. 24-29 Science of Superheros. || Discuss what is a liquid. How do we define a liquid? How are the particles moving in a liquid? How do they react to their surroundings? Have students complete pg. 30-32 Science of Superheros. || ** Making Oobleck ** See procedure.
 * Materials: Plastic cups per group, 6 Marbles per group **
 * Large container of water, plastic cup, paper towel ** ||
 * Week 5 || ** Computer lab required **
 * Week 6 || ** Liquids **
 * Materials: corn starch and plastic cups/spoons, mixing bowls ** ||
 * Week 7 || ** Defining Gases **

Brainstorm gases. What are they? Where are they? Name some gases and what they are used for. || ** Dry Ice ** Students investigate the properties of dry ice and how this solid matter becomes gas (without going through the liquid phase) Teacher to DEMONSTRATE. No students to touch the dry ice. Discuss that matter can be divided into different groups according to its state. Each state (solid, liquid or gas) has its own unique set of properties. Teacher notes: Science for WA 7 pg. 46 Have students complete Exercise 3 in Science for WA 7 pg 47-48 || ** Physical/Chemical change ** The Science of Superheros 7.1 Changing state through heating, cooling and evaporation The Science of Superheros 7.2 Mass and physical changes The Science of Superheros 7.3 Chemical changes The Science of Superheros 7.4 Dissolving Week 1 || ** Chemical change ** The Science of Superheros 7.5 Consider ways to separate mixtures || ** Reversible/irreversible changes ** The Science of Superheros 7.6 Investigate reversible and irreversible changes The Science of Superheros 6.1 Identify and classify natural and processed materials || The Science of Superheros 6.1 Identify and classify natural and processed materials Computer lab required: Product research || ** Properties of Materials ** The Science of Superheros 6.2 Properties and purpose of materials
 * Materials: Dry ice ** ||
 * Week 8 || ** States of Matter – Assessment Piece **
 * Materials: Ice blocks or crushed ice, saucepan, stove, spoon, clock or timer, thermometer, heat source **
 * Two bowls, salt, sugar, cold glass, dish, kettle ** ||
 * Week 9 || ** Physical change **
 * Materials: steel wool, vinegar, plastic cups ** || ** Chemical change **
 * Materials: Plastic cups, food colouring or sugar ** ||
 * Week 10
 * End Term Assessment ** || ** Physical or chemical change **
 * Materials: sand, salt, coffee, flour, sugar, plastic cups ** || ** End of term Assessment (to be written) ** ||
 * Term 2
 * Materials: ice, raw eggs, salt, sand, plastic cups, heat source, funnel, filter paper ** ||
 * Week 2
 * Summative Assessment ** || ** Quiz and Reversible and irreversible assessment ** || ** Natural and Processed Materials – Part 1 **
 * Week 3 || ** Natural and Processed Materials – Part 2 **

The Science of Superheros 6.3 Investigate the properties of materials Materials: samples of metal, rubber, fabric, glass, paper, plastic || ** Materials matter – Part 1 ** The Science of Superheros 6.4 Investigate suitability of materials for everyday objects
 * Materials: range of everyday objects ** ||
 * Week 4 || ** Properties and uses of solid Materials **

The Science of Superheros 6.4 Investigate suitability of materials for everyday objects The Science of Superheros 6.6 Investigate viscosity of liquids
 * Computer lab required: Online investigation ** ||
 * Week 5
 * Mid Term Assessment ** || ** Materials matter - Part 2 **
 * Computer lab required **
 * Quiz and online assessment ** || ** Properties and uses of liquids **

The Science of Superheros 6.8 Investigate compressibility and expansion of gases || ** Properties and uses of gases – Part 2 - Investigation ** The Science of Superheros 6.8 Investigate compressibility and expansion of gases
 * Computer lab required: Science of superheros Zipfile ** ||
 * Week 6 || ** Properties and uses of gases - Theory **


 * Materials: balloons, ruler, string, scissors, cold water ** ||